The presence of banded or isobanded structures in periglacial soils is one of the most frequent features to be discerned in the sub-soils of temperate soils that have formerly been subjected to glacia
l or periglacial influences. Preferential mobilization of fines to surmount banded sediments and pressure stress accumulation adjacent to melted lenses are the major processes causing the banded microstructure.
Alternate bands of light and dark on a glacier; usually found below steep narrow icefalls and thought to be the result of different flow and ablation rates between summer and winter.
As viewed from the Earth, the heliographic latitude of the center of the solar disk. The center of the solar disk usually does not coincide with the heliographic equator due to a tilt of the solar axi
s with respect to the ecliptic. (See B under solar coordinates.)